Odisha

Known as the Land of Lord Jagannath, Odisha is located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area and the 11th largest by population. Odisha is rich in natural resources with an affluence of minerals, forests, rivers, andlakes. Popular for its rich tribal culture and traditions, Odisha has the third largest population of Scheduled Tribes (STs) in India. Odisha was once called Utkala and is also referred to by this name in India’s National Anthem. The capital of Odisha is Bhubaneshwar which is also called the Temple Town. The state offers a wide range of tourist attractions places like Konark Sun Temple, Sri Jagannath Puri Temple, Puri Beach, Khandagiri and Udaygiri Caves, Nandankanan Zoological Park, and many more. Odisha state is a place that shelters Sambalpur town which is popular for its Sambalpuri Sarees and for hosting the world’s second-largest Dam, Hirakud dam. Odisha has also gained fame in the sports world by organizing many international events including the 2018 Men's Hockey World Cup, the 2020 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, and FIH Hockey World Cup 2023.

The official language of Odisha is Odia (Indo-Aryan) and according to the 2011 census of India, it is spoken by 81.32% of the population. Odia is one of the Classical Languages of India and there are different accents of Odia spoken In the State. Some of the major accents spoken in Odisha are Puri, Cuttacki, Sambalpuri, Baleswari, Desiya, Ganjami, Phulbani, and Kalahandia.

Odisha is an assemblage of the Aryan, Adivasi, and Dravidian cultures and it was proven by most of the festivals celebrated in the state, which bring out many forgotten cultures and traditions of the ancient folks. Some festivals are common, but the celebration remains distinguished according to the region. Durga Puja is one of the major festivals observed throughout the state, especiallyin Cuttack. Rath Yatra is another major festival of Odisha which is celebrated grandly in the sacred Sri Jagannath Puri Temple. The kitchen of the Sri Jagannath Puri Temple is acknowledged to be the largest in the world, accompanied by 1,000 chefs, working near 752 wood-burning clay called chulas, to feed around 10,000 people every day.

• Bhubaneswar : The Capital and the largest city of Odisha, Bhubaneshwar is a scenic and lively city, popular for its rich heritage and ancient Temples. Bhubaneshwar has lately emerged as an educational hub and attracts major groups of youth because of having education and career opportunities. Bhubaneshwar city has also been acknowledged as the best place for commencing Business in India.
• Cuttack : The birthplace of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, Cuttack was the former Capital of Odisha. The city is known as the Silver City of Odisha because of its famous silver filigree works which are popular throughout the country. Cuttack is an adapted word of Kataka which means The Fort, indicating the 989 AD, Barabati Fort. Cuttack is famous for its Durga puja, one of Odisha’s most important festivals. The city is home to four rivers including Mahanadi, and its branches Kathajodi, Birupa, and Kuakhai.
• Rourkela : Rourkela is a planned city, situated in the Sundargarh district of Odisha. Popularly known as the Steel City of Odisha, Rourkela is rich in iron ore and is the abode of one of the largest integrated steel plants, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL).
• Berhampur : Situated in the Ganjam district of Odisha, Berhampur is also known as Brahmapur. Popular for its Street food and Silk Sarees called Pato Sarees, Berhampur is often known asthe Food Capital and the Silk City of Odisha.
• Sambalpur : Fifth largest city of Odisha, Sambalpur is located on the banks of river Mahanadi. Hometown to the famous Sambalpuri Sarees, Sambalpur town got its name from the Goddess Samalei, who is considered the powerful and chief deity of the region.
• Balasore : Situated nearly 196 km north of Bhubaneswar, the state capital of Odisha, Balasore is the largest town in northern Odisha. Served as the headquarter of Balasore district, the town is best known for Chandipur Beach.

• Bhubaneshwar : The Capital city of Odisha, Bhubaneshwar offers a vast range of tourist attraction place which include the ancient Caves of Khandagiri and Udaigiri, rich in fauna and flora kingdom Nandankanan Zoological Park, Odisha State Museum, and many more. Apart from the attractions, another specialty of Bhubaneshwar is its delicious Lingraj Lassi, made with Rabri with the topping of grated coconut, which is a treat to your taste buds.
• Puri : The Spiritual City of Odisha, Puri is a coastal city and serves as the headquarters of the Puri District. Hosting one of the Known beaches of India Puri beach and having the sacred Jagannath Temple which is popular for its annual Ratha Yatra, the city attracts a large number of tourists throughout the year.
• Konark : Situated in the Puri District of Odisha, Konark is a small town that is popular for having a magnificent Konark Sun Temple built in the 13th Century CE.
• Cuttack : Cuttack is popular for its diverse locality and tasty street food Dahibara Aludum. The major attraction of the city is the ancient Barabati Fort built in 989 AD and Barbati Stadium which hosts mostly cricket and Football matches and has been known for having the FIH Hockey World Cup 2023 inauguration ceremony.
• Baripada : Baripada is a city situated in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. The town is located nearthe east bank of the Budhabalanga river and the major attraction of Baripada is Simlipal National Park known for its Tiger and Elephant Reserves.
• Gopalpur : Situated in the Ganjam district of Odisha, Gopalpur is a coastal town and a Notified Area Council. The town is popular for the Gopalpur sea beach which is a known tourist destination in Odisha and is also a commercial port.
• Sambalpur : Sambalpur is situated on the banks of river Mahanadi. The town is home to the world’s longest earthen Dam, Hirakud Dam, and Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary, which preserves a wide range of flora and fauna.

• Sri Jagannath Puri Temple : Situated in Puri town, Sri Jagannath Puri Temple is an ancient Temple built in 1161 CE Century, devoted to Lord Jagannath. The temple is mostly known for its grand festival Ratha Yatra, where the three chief deities are pulled on huge and giant decorated temple-shaped chariots (Rath).
• Konark Sun Temple : Konark Sun Temple is one of the oldest temples built in the 13th century CE by the Ganga dynasty king Narasimha Deva. The beautiful Konark Sun Temple which is famous for its exceptional architecture and the 24 engraved wheels used as sundials, is situated in the small village of Konark, in Odisha.
• Lingaraj Temple : One of oldest Temples situated in the Capital city Bhubaneshwar, Lingaraj Temple is devoted to Lord Shiva. It is one of the largest Temples of Bhubaneshwar.
• Chilika Lake : Second largest Lake in India after Vembanad Lake, Chilika Lake is a brackish water lagoon. It is spread over an area of 1100 km2, the lake touches the Puri, Khordha, and Ganjam Districts of Odisha. Chilika Lake is home to many birds including waterfowl, waders, raptors, and many more. Apart from this the lake also gives shelter to many fishes (including dolphins), reptiles, and amphibians.
• Hirakud Dam : The longest earthen dam in the world, Hirakud Dam is built across the Mahanadi River.
• Khandagiri and Udaygiri Caves : Formerly known as Kattaka Caves, Khandagiri and Udaygiri Caves are one of the major attractions of Odisha situated in the Capital City Bhubaneshwar. These caves are situated on two adjoining hills, Udayagiri and Khandagiri once called Kumari Parvata according to the Hathigumpha inscription.
• Mukteswar Temple : Built during the10th century, Mukteswar Temple is a Hindu temple devoted to Lord Shiva. The temple is located in the Temple town of Bhubaneswar. One of the major attractions of the city, Mukteswar Temple is a monument of importance in the development study of Hindu temples in Odisha.
• Rajarani Temple : Built during the 11th century, Rajarani Temple is a popular temple situated in Bhubaneshwar. The temple is locally known as a love temple due to its romantic carvings of women and couples.

• Paradeep Beach : One of the undisturbed and quiet beaches of Odisha, Paradeep Beach is situated at a distance of 11 km from Paradeep city of Odisha. Apart from being a tourist attraction spot, Paradeep Beach is also a major seaport in India.
• Gopalpur Beach : Gopalpur Beach is one of the famous beaches of Odisha. Apart from offering beautiful scenic views, Gopalpur Beach provides the opportunity for fun water sports including Wind Surfing, Scuba Diving, Water Scooter, and paddle Boating.
• Puri Beach : known as Golden Beach, Puri Beach is situated on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. Famous for its roaring waves and fine golden sands, Puri Beach attracts a large group of tourists throughout the country.
• Talasari Beach : One of the pristine and scenic beaches of Odisha, Talasari Beach is situated in the Balasore District. The name Talasari is an Odia word that means a row of palm leaves.
• Chandipur beach : Chandipur is a famous beach in Balasore District in Odisha. The beach is situated on the coast of the Bay of Bengal. Theunique thing about this beach is that the water reduces up to 5 km during the falling tide because of which the beach supports bio-diversity.
• Chandrabhaga Beach : Situated at a distance of 3.5 km from the famous Konark Sun Temple, Chandrabhaga Beach is India’s first beach to get the Blue Flag certification for being environmentally friendly clean beaches, equipped with comforts of international standards for tourists.
• Astaranga Beach : Another popular Beach near the Puri district, Astaranga Beach is known for offering an enchanting view of the horizon which sometimes becomes colorful during sunset.

• Simlipal National Park : Situated in the Mayurbhanj district of Odisha, Simlipal National Park is a popular Wildlife Sanctuary, famous for its Tiger Reserve. The National Park is a part of the Mayurbhanj Elephant Reserve.
• Bhitarkanika National Park : A wetland mangrove forest, Bhitarkanika National Park covers a total area of 145 km2. The National Park is a part of the second-largest Mangrove Forest in the country, Bhitarkanika Mangrove Forest, and is home to many wildlife animals like monitor lizard, saltwater crocodile, Indian python, wild boar, chital, cobra, and many more.
• Tikarpada Wildlife Sanctuary : Tikarpada Wildlife Sanctuary is situated in the village of Tikarpada of Angul district, Orissa. It is a famous sanctuary that houses a wide range of fauna and flora.
• Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary : Situated in the Sambalpur district of Odisha, Debrigarh Wildlife Sanctuary is spread over a total area of 346.91 km2.
• Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary : Situated in the Nuapada district of Odisha, Sunabeda Wildlife Sanctuary is a projected tiger reserve. The major vegetation of the Sanctuary consists of dry deciduous tropical forests.
• Hadagarh Wildlife Sanctuary : Located in the Keonjhar district in Odisha, Hadagarh Wildlife Sanctuary is spread across a total area of 191 km2.
• Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary : Situated in the Baliguda subdivision of the Kandhamal district of Odisha, Kotagarh Wildlife Sanctuary is acknowledged as an Eastern Highlands moist deciduous forest.

• Konark : One of the finest glamping destinations in Odisha is doubtlessly Konark. Abode to the famous Konark Sun Temple, the Eco Retreat in Konark is nuzzled at Ramchandi Beach.
• Satkosia : Nestled at the gathering point of the Deccan Peninsula and the Eastern Ghats, Satkosia Glamping blusters abundant flora and fauna while enjoying the river Safari.
• Bhitarkanika : Set up in the heart of Pentha Sea Beach in Bhitarkanika National Park, Bhitarkanika Glamping offers a captivating view of the Bay of Bengal and lush greenery.
• Daringbadi : Exploring the Glamping facility in Daringbadi, the Kashmir of Odisha is definitely a one-of-a-kind experience. Daringbadi Glamping offers scenic views of beautiful valleys, pepper plantations, pine forests, and cascading waterfalls.
• Hirakud : A glamping experience at the world’s second-largest dam, Hirakud dam would involve enjoying a bundle of adventurous activities like parasailing, banana boat rides, jet-skiing, and others

• Aangan Horizon : Giving a modern look to the bar Angan Horizon is one of the major night spots in the area. It is decorated with posters of musicians on the wall and organized swinging seats.
• 10 DC - Lounge Bar & Pub : An absolute party station, 10 DC - Lounge Bar & Pub is an energetic and lively pub with a wide range of drinks.
• The Cellar- Mayfair Lagoon : Designed with a rustic British look, The Cellar - Mayfair Lagoon is the perfect place to land after exploring the town.
• Hi-5 - The Lounge Bar : A random hangout zone with a refreshing ambiance, Hi-5 - The Lounge Bar offers both a veg and non-veg menu.
• Pegasus Bar : Provides a perfect menu of Continental and Asian cuisines and a variety of cocktails, Pegasus Bar guarantees you to satisfy your taste buds.
• Mellony : Offering a cool ambiance and dimly lit ceiling, Mellony provides a chilling vibe to its customers.

• Pakhala Bhata : One of the favorite meals on hot summer days, Pakhala Bhata is a major love for the people of Odisha. It is made with cooked rice and served in a bowl with water and curd, accompanied by different chutneys.
• Dalma : Made with dal (mostly toor dal), and different chopped vegetables, with the tempering of red chillies, mustard seeds, and Pancha Phutana.
• Macha Ghanta : One of the most famous dishes in Odisha Cuisine, Macha Ghanta is made with a head of fish cooked with a variety of vegetables cooked with spices. Ghanta means mixture.
• Chhena Poda : Chhena Poda is a famous dessert that means Burnt Cheese in Odia Language. It is made with well-kneaded Chhena or Cheese mixed with sugar, and semolina and baked for a few hours till it turns brown from one side and lightly golden from the other side.
• Rasabali : A mouth-watering sweet dish from the Odisha Cuisine, Rasabali originated in Baladevjew Temple of Kendrapara, Odisha. Made with deep-fried patties of Chhena, drenched in Rabri (thick and sweet milk), it is also used as a prasad offered to Lord Baladevjew.
• Chungdi Malai : Chungdi Malai is a luscious creamy dish, made with prawns (mostly tiger or king prawns), and coconut milk cooked with spices.
• Khichdi : A delicious and healthy dish made with Rice, lentils, and spices.
• Gupchup : Gupchup is one of the popular street foods of Odisha prepared with Crunchy Puris filled with tangy Potato stuffing dipped in spicy and flavourful tamarind water.

• Mayfair Lagoon : Mayfair Lagoon is a posh resort and a luxurious Hotel in Bhubaneshwar. A 5-star rated Hotel with 75 Rooms and 6 Food Outlets, Mayfair Lagoon is spread across an area of 10 acres.
• Swosti Premium : A well-known and elegant Hotels of Odisha, Swosti Premium is a posh business class having 147 well-maintained rooms with modern hotel facilities, 8 banquet halls and 1 outdoor venue, 2 restaurants, and other facilities like a swimming pool, Scottish-themed bar, a discotheque.
• Treebo Trend Aatithya : Treebo Trend Aatithya is a modern Hotel that compliments the city by providing an authentic Odisha ambiance with a nice blend of modern and traditional living.
• Trident Bhubaneswar : Encompassed with the scenic view of gardens and orchards with luxurious rooms, Trident Bhubaneshwar is an award-winning hotel that is situated at a distance of 7 km from Biju Pattnaik International Airport.
• Hotel Pal Heights : A luxurious Hotel situated in the Center of the Town, Pal Heights is one of the well-maintained and excellent hotels in Odisha.

• Keyars Kitchen, Bhubaneshwar : Situated in Bapuji Nagar, Bhubaneshwar, Keyars Kitchen is the perfect spot for North Indian Cuisine lovers.
• Hare Krishna Restaurant, Bhubaneshwar : Hare Krishna Restaurant is a vegetarian restaurant popular because of preparing meals without onion or garlic, giving value to the ISCKON principles. The restaurant remains open from 10:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. and from 07:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. daily.
• Truptee, Bhubaneshwar : Known for delicious South Indian food, Truptee restaurant is an ideal place to start your day with. Truptee also has a menu of North Indian food as well and some of the best dishes in the restaurant are Masala Dosa, Thali, Kulcha, Paneer Lollipops, and Paneer Lollipop.
• Jugaad Junction, Bhubaneshwar : Jugaad Junction offers abunch of homely vegetarian meals served with great service at affordable rates.The Jugaad Junction remains open from 11:30 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. daily.
• Eram Rooftop, Bhubaneshwar : Having both indoor and outdoor seating space, Eram Rooftop is agraceful restaurant. Offering agreat ambiance combined with delicious cuisine, Eram Rooftop is one of the most popular restaurants in the area.
• Adda Unplugged, Bhubaneshwar : Justifying its name, Adda Unplugged is a popular hangout spot, especially for the young generation. The restaurant serves Indian, Continental, Italian, Mexican, and Chinese dishes.

Odisha is home to many famous and big malls where one can get branded and latest fashion clothes and accessories. Some of the popular ones are listed below:

• Esplanade 1 : The largest shopping mall in Odisha, Esplanade 1 is situated in the Capital city of Bhubaneshwar. The mall is consisting of top brands of clothing and accessories.
• D.N. Regalia Mall : D.N. Regalia Mallis a combined spread over an area of 2.7 acres comprises of top National and International Brands.
• The Pal Heights : Commenced in the year 2008, Pal Heights is spread across an area of 19,000 m2. The mall is not only popular for branded clothes and Food courts but is also known for branded bookstores.
• Forum Mart : Forum Mart is a shopping mall located in Bhubaneswar. The shopping mall is spread across an area of 19,000m2. It is one of the oldest malls in Odisha.
• Bhawani Mall : A five-storied mall opened in the year 2012, Bhawani Mall is the second largest mallin Odisha after Esplanade 1 Mall.
• Symphony Mall : Consisting of three shopping levels, a separate entertainment, and food court level, and two parking levels, Symphony Mall opened on 1st April 2019.

Some affordable and cheap-rated market places of Odisha are listed below.

• Station Square : Also called Master Canteen Chowk, Station Square is one of the oldest and cheapest shopping places in the town. The area offersa variety of products including local crafts of Odisha, patchwork, hornwork, bamboo basketry, brass and bell metal work, etc.
• Ekamra Haat : EkamraHaat is a popular shopping place for Handicraft and handloom products. The Area offers 42 handlooms and handicraft shops and has 8 open display corners which provide customers with natural and original artisan products.
• Nayasadak, Silver market : The Nayasadak, Silver market in the Silver City of Odisha, Cuttack offers a number of shops having a wide range of Silver Jewelry including bracelets, anklets, rings, and chains made with Silver Filigree work or Tarakasi.
• Raghurajpur Market : Situated in the Jagannath ballava of Puri District, Raghurajpur Market offers a collection of Chandua (applique) handicrafts including handbags, wall hangings, puppets, purses, bedspreads, cushions, etc.

• Utkalika, Ashok Nagar : Utkalika is a handloom store that has a collection of the finest handloom and handicraft products made by local artists. The shop is located in the Market Building area of Ashok Nagar, Bhubaneshwar.
• Soumya Handicraft, Hirapur : Soumya Handicraft at Hirapur is managed single-headedly by one person, an artist who makes the products by himself and sells them. His crafts include tribal art and work of Bhubaneswar, handicrafts of Buddhist culture, Panchatantra paintings, and even whiskey bottle paintings.
• Epari GovindamPvt. Ltd. Chandrasekharpur : From the traditional sarees of Odisha to a designer Saree, a lehenga choli to a classy suit, EpariGovindamPvt.Ltd. at Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneshwar has all the options to explore.
• Saree Mandir, Kharabela Nagar : One of the best places for Sarees, Saree Mandir offers a wide range of authentic cotton and silk sarees.
• Market Building, Ashok Nagar : A popular hub for both small stores to big shops, Market Building in Ashok Nagar, Bhubaneshwar offers a wide range of variety of products including clothes, jewelry, accessories, toys, household products, and also food stalls. One of the most crowded areas of town, where you can get anything at an affordable price.
• Pahala Sweet Shop, Bhubaneshwar : One of the most famous sweet shops of Odisha, which serves you the authentic desserts of Odisha which include the delicious Chhena Poda, Chhena Goja, Rasagullas, and Rasabali.

• Odisha State Museum : Founded in 1932, Odisha State Museum has a wide range of collections from the ancient period. The museum is divided in 11 sections Archaeology, Epigraphy, Armoury, Mining & Geology, Numismatics, Natural History, Art & Craft, Patta Painting, Contemporary Art, Anthropology, and Palmleaf Manuscripts.
• ASI Museum Odisha : Located near the Konark Sun Temple, ASI Museum Odisha has a range of sculptures and other antique collections that were found during the clearance work of the Konark Sun Temple.
• Netaji Birth Place Museum Odisha : Situated in the Silver City of Odisha, Cuttack which is also the birthplace of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose, Netaji Birth Place Museum Odisha is a converted Museum built in Netaji’s house. The museum has filled with memories of Netaji from his childhood to adolescence.
• Regional Museum of Natural History Odisha : Established in 2004, the Regional Museum of Natural History Odisha is a museum exhibiting the plants, animals, and geology of the eastern region.
• Museum of Tribal Arts & Artifacts : Situated in the capital city Bhubaneshwar, the Museum of Tribal Arts & Artifacts, showcases the cultural tradition of the Tribals people of Odisha. The museum also preserves the jewelry, art, and crafts of the tribal people.
• Odisha Modern Art Gallery : The Odisha Modern Art Gallery showcases the art and craft of Contemporary artists of Odisha and is the only Museum in Odisha that appreciates the talents of National level artists.
• Kala Bhoomi Crafts Museum : Inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Odisha, Shri Naveen Pattnaik, Kala Bhoomi Crafts Museum exhibits Handicrafts galleries on Traditional Paintings, Terracotta, Stone and Wood carving, Tribal Crafts,and Natural material crafts.

• Kalinga Mahotsav : Kalinga Mahotsav is observed to celebrate the major victory of peace over war when Kalinga, a part of Odisha had a battle during the Ashoka Kingdom.
• Chandan Yatra : Also known as Gandhalepana yatra, Chandan Yatrais the longest festival celebrated at Jagannatha temple, situated in Puri District.
• Konark Dance Festival : One of the reasons which kept the old culture and tradition alive, the Konark Dance Festival celebrates dance, music, and art. The festival is celebrated between the 1st to 5th of December.
• Mahabisuva Sankranti : Mahabisuva Sankranti is observed to celebrate the new year according to the Odia Calendar during the month of April.
• Raja Parba : Also known as Mithuna Sankranti, the Raja Parba festival is observed to celebrate womanhood. The second day of the festival marks the beginning of the solar month of Mithunawhen the season of rain starts.
• Rath Yatra : A grand celebration observed every year in the Jagannath Temple in Puri, Ratha Yatra is a festival where the three chief deities of the temple are pulled on huge and giant decorated temple-shaped chariots (Rath).
• Makar Mela : Also called Makar Sankranti, Makar Mela is an important festival of Odisha. During the Makar Mela festival, folks of Odisha offer prayers and food to the Sun God or Lord Surya and seek blessings for a healthy and successful life.
• Chhau Festival : Celebrated regionally, the Chhau festival is observed during mid-march. The festival is celebrated by featuring the traditional Chhau Dance.
• Puri Beach Festival : Puri Beach festival is celebrated to honor the art, craft, culture, cuisines, sports, and other aspects of tourism in Orissa. It is observed every year in November month.

• Chhau Dance : A semi-classical Indian dance with martial and folk traditions, Chhau Dance has three different styles and the one which is connected with Odisha is the Mayurbhanj Chhau.
• Gotipua Dance : Gotipua is a traditional dance form of Odisha performed for many centuries by young boys dressed as women to praise Jagannath and Krishna
• Odissi Dance : A major ancient Indian classical dance form, that originated in the temples of Odisha, Odissi is mostly performed by women. The dance form is used for expressing religious and spiritual stories and ideas, especially of Vaishnavism.
• Ghumura Dance : Ghumura dance is a folk dance that originated in the Kalahandi district of Odisha.
• Ranapa Dance : Ranapa Dance is one of the most famous dance forms of Southern Odisha, performed using wooden sticks.
• Jodi Sankha Dance : A rare form of dance originated from the Ganjam District which is a combined performance of rural music accompanied by Badya and Nrutya.

• Pattachitra, Raghurajpur : Pattachitrais a cloth-based scroll painting that is used to narrate mythological stories or folktales.
• Silver Filigree, Cuttack : Silver Filigree is a form of elaborated metalwork that is used in silver and gold jewelry. Silver Filigree is an ancient craft practiced in Cuttack and is also called Tarakasi.
• Sand Art, Puri : Sand Art is the craft to carve sand into huge and creative sculptures. The art originated in Puri Beach but slowly it got popularity throughout the world.
• Chandua, Pipli : Originated in Pipli town of Odisha, Chandua is an Appliqué work. Pipili Chandua or appliqué work owns its birth to the culture of Lord Jagannath during the 12th century.
• Dhokra Work, Dhenkanal : Made with a lost-wax casting technique, Dhokra Work is a non–ferrous metal casting.