logo.png
Bagh Caves

Bagh Caves

Designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1983, the Bagh Caves are a group of nine rock-cut monuments located in the Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. They are believed to have been excavated between the late 4th and 6th centuries AD, during the Gupta period, and are one of the historical gems of India. Nestled on the southern slopes of the Vindhya ranges, the caves comprise a cluster of sculptures, carvings, and mural paintings which are one of the finest among the other Buddhist caves. Out of the total nine caves, only five are accessible as the other four collapsed over time.

The caves are known for their intricate mural paintings and beautiful frescoes that depict scenes from the life of Buddha and other important Buddhist figures. They also contain a number of inscriptions in the Brahmi script, which provide valuable insights into the history and culture of the region. The sophisticated art style seen on the caves is like that of Ajanta Caves and in fragments of murals in many parts of India. But after the discovery of Bagh Caves, it has been proven that the tradition started way back in ancient times. The Bagh Caves are one of the finest examples of Indian rock-cut architecture and are a popular destination for tourists and scholars alike.

Timings and Entry Fees

  • Location – Bagh Cave Road, Naingaon, Dhar, Madhya Pradesh
  • Timing – 8am to 7pm All days.
  • Entry Fees – INR 25 for Indians and INR 300 for Foreigners. Free for children under 15 years.

History

The Bagh Caves are a group of nine rock-cut temples constructed between the 4th and 6th centuries AD, during the Gupta period. The caves were initially discovered by a British officer named Major Garstin in the early 19th century. However, it was only in 1958 that the Archaeological Survey of India began the restoration work of the caves.

The Bagh Caves are renowned for their beautiful paintings, which depict scenes from the life of the Buddha and various Hindu deities. The paintings are done in the Gupta style, which is known for its delicate lines, soft colors, and naturalistic style. The Bagh Caves were built by various rulers who were patrons of Buddhism and Hinduism. It is believed that the caves were used for both religious and educational purposes. The most famous cave in the complex is Cave 4, which has some of the finest examples of paintings in the complex. The cave also features a large statue of the Buddha in the preaching pose.

According to locals, Bagh Caves got its name from the word ‘Bagh’ which means tigers in Hindi due to their frequent visits to the area. Another story tells that the caves got its name from the seasonal stream’ Baghani’ that runs across the Buddhist sculptures. Today, the Bagh Caves are a popular tourist destination and attract visitors from all over the world who come to marvel at the exquisite art and architecture of these ancient temples.

ARCHITECTURE

The Bagh Caves are a group of nine rock-cut temples that showcase some of the finest examples of Indian rock-cut architecture. The temples are carved out of a single piece of rock, which gives them a unique and awe-inspiring appearance. The architecture of the caves is influenced by both Buddhist and Hindu traditions, and they reflect the cultural and religious diversity of ancient India. The caves are arranged in a U-shaped layout, with a large courtyard in the center. Each cave has a unique layout and design, but they all share some common features.

The caves have a simple rectangular plan with a front porch and a central shrine. The front porch is supported by pillars and is decorated with intricate carvings and sculptures. The central shrine houses a statue of the Buddha or various Hindu deities, and it is surrounded by smaller shrines and niches. The caves also have several ornamental features such as intricate carvings, sculptures, and paintings. The carvings and sculptures depict various scenes from the life of the Buddha and Hindu mythology. The paintings, which are done in the Gupta style, are known for their delicate lines, soft colors, and naturalistic style.

The Bagh Caves are specifically known for their mural paintings and the walls and ceilings of the caves are adorned with beautiful mural paintings. This style of painting was created using the Tempera Technique in which the area to be painted is first plastered with a thick mud plaster of brownish-orange tint, followed by a lime priming coat, and then the paints are set. This was the approach used for the Varaha of Bagh’s walls and ceilings for a permanent fast-drying painting medium made of colored pigment and water-soluble binder. This type of painting style is also seen in the famous Ajanta Caves. The architecture of the Bagh Caves is a testament to the skill and ingenuity of ancient Indian architects and craftsmen. The caves are a unique blend of religious and artistic traditions, and they continue to inspire and amaze visitors from all over the world.

Artwork of the Caves

A total of nine caves are discovered to date and only 5 stood the test of time and are accessible. These are:

  • The first cave, known as Griha, consists of Shiv ling and Dwicharan, which was the residence of the chief priest of the cave.
  • The second cave, Pandavonki Gumpha / Gonsai Gumpha, was constructed only for residential purposes and had a statue of Buddha standing on a lotus.
  • The third cave, Hathikhana, was constructed was the elites of the society comprising two halls, one with a row of cells on each side and the other without a single cell.
  • The fourth cave, Rang Mahal, is the largest cave here with cells on three sides of each hall and a stupa at the far end. T-shaped terminals were built here to contain river goddesses on either side of the Ganga, and Jamuna at the bottom of the door are jambs.
  • The fifth cave was used as a meeting place where the hall is divided into three sections by two rows of pillars.
  • The sixth cave is formed by a large corridor that connects from cave 5. There are five cells in the cave’s hall three of which can be found at the back of the hall. The seventh, eighth, and ninth caves collapsed over time and are no longer accessible.
PLACES TO VISIT Nearby
  • Teliya Talab : Located just 7 km from the Bagh Caves, Teliya Talab is a beautiful lake surrounded by lush greenery. Visitors can enjoy boating, fishing, and birdwatching at the lake.
  • Barwani :  Located around 50 km from the Bagh Caves, Barwani is a historic town that is known for its ancient temples and palaces. The town also has a rich cultural heritage and is famous for its handloom sarees.
  • Pachmarhi : Located around 75 km from the Bagh Caves, Pachmarhi is a popular hill station that is known for its scenic beauty and natural attractions. Visitors can explore waterfalls, caves, and scenic viewpoints in and around the town.
  • Mahu : Located around 80 km from the Bagh Caves, Mahu is a historic town that is known for its ancient fort and temples. The town also has a rich cultural heritage and is famous for its handloom sarees.
  • Mandu : Located around 60 km from the Bagh Caves, Mandu is a historic city that is known for its magnificent palaces, temples, and mosques. The city was once the capital of the Malwa Sultanate and has a rich cultural and architectural heritage.
BEST TIME TO VISIT

The best time to visit the Bagh Caves is during the winter months from November to February when the weather is pleasant and comfortable with temperatures ranging from 10 to 25 degrees Celsius. This time is perfect for sightseeing and exploring the surrounding areas.

The summer months from March to June are usually hot with temperatures soaring up to 40 degrees Celsius. However, this time is ideal for adventure activities like trekking, hiking, and exploring the natural beauty of the region.

HOTELS

  • Bagh Caves Jungle Camp : This is a budget-friendly guesthouse located just 2 km from the Bagh Caves. The guesthouse offers comfortable rooms, a restaurant, and other amenities.
  • The Jungle Retreat : This is a popular guesthouse located just 1 km from the Bagh Caves. The guesthouse offers comfortable rooms, a restaurant, and other amenities.
  • Gajanan Maharaj Dharmashala : This is a budget-friendly guesthouse located just 1 km from the Bagh Caves. The guesthouse offers basic rooms and facilities.
  • Hotel Midway : This is a budget-friendly hotel located just 1 km from the Bagh Caves. The hotel offers comfortable rooms, a restaurant, and other amenities.
  • Hotel Raj Palace : This is a popular hotel located just 2 km from the Bagh Caves. The hotel offers comfortable rooms, a restaurant, and other amenities.

How To Reach

  • By air : The nearest airport to the Bagh Caves is the Devi Ahilyabai Holkar Airport in Indore, which is located around 160 km away. From the airport, visitors can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the caves.
  • By train : The nearest railway station to the Bagh Caves is the Ratlam Junction, which is located around 85 km away. From the railway station, visitors can hire a taxi or take a bus to reach the caves.
  • By road : The Bagh Caves are well-connected by road to major cities in Madhya Pradesh. Visitors can take a bus or hire a taxi from nearby cities like Indore, Ujjain, and Bhopal to reach the caves. The caves are located around 10 km from the National Highway 47.
  • By private vehicle : Visitors can also drive to the Bagh Caves by taking the National Highway 47 and then turning off towards the Bagh town. The drive is scenic and takes around 4-5 hours from Indore or Bhopal.
Bagh Caves

Frequently Asked Questions(FAQ)

Who built Bagh Caves?

Bagh Caves were established by the Buddhist monk Dataka during the Satvahana dynasty, when Buddhist art became prominent.

What is the difference between Ajanta and Bagh Caves?

The paintings in Bagh Caves and Ajanta Caves correspond to each other in many ways but Bagh Cave figures are more tightly modeled and are stronger in outline. They are earthlier and more human than those at Ajanta.

What are features of Bagh Caves?

Bagh Caves feature ‘viharas’ or monk’s resting places with a quadrangular design and have mural and frescos paintings and carvings on their walls and ceilings depicting the Buddhist lifestyle.

Copyright 2012-2024 Indiamap Digital Private Limited. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy | Terms of Use